Ten years ago, the first high-energy (TeV+) neutrinos from astrophysical sources were identified by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The first glimpse this has given us into the distant, high-energy universe has revealed a sky that is not what we expected and, unlike all electromagnetic and gravitational bands, appears to be dominated by distant sources emitting neutrinos by a mechanism we do not yet understand. This talk will cover the current state of our knowledge of the neutrino universe and next steps to see beyond this first peek at the neutrino sky using next-generation instruments, in particular the forthcoming Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment and longer-term projects like IceCube-Gen2.